经过刻苦钻研 (jīngguò kèkǔ zuānyán - after diligent study/research)
Grammar & Usage
How it works
This is a fixed phrase functioning adverbially, often used at the beginning of a clause to introduce a consequence or result. It is composed of 经过 (jīngguò - through, after) acting as a preposition, followed by the four-character idiom 刻苦钻研 (kèkǔ zuānyán - diligent study/research). The structure indicates that the action in the main clause is a result of or achieved after the diligent study/research.
Sample sentences
经过刻苦钻研，他终于攻克了这个技术难题。
After diligent research, he finally overcame this technical challenge.
科学家们经过刻苦钻研，成功研发出新型材料。
Scientists, after diligent study, successfully developed new materials.
只有经过刻苦钻研，才能掌握这门复杂的学问。
Only through diligent study can one master this complex field of knowledge.
Quick facts
Mnemonic
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Example
经过刻苦钻研，他终于攻克了这个技术难题。
After diligent research, he finally overcame this technical challenge.
科学家们经过刻苦钻研，成功研发出新型材料。
Scientists, after diligent study, successfully developed new materials.
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